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  • Faculty of Pharmacy
  • Course Structure Diagram with Credits
  • Pharmaceutical Microbiology II
  • Learning Outcomes
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  • Will be able to list the isolation methods of microorganisms.
  • Explain the terms related to the isolation of microorganisms.
  • Lists the methods of detecting microorganisms.
  • Will be able to explain the detection methods of microorganisms.
  • List and explain biochemical diagnostic methods.
  • List and explain molecular diagnostic methods.
  • Will be able to define the measurement and counting methods of microbial growth.
  • Explains microbial growth curve and periods.
  • Explain how to prepare the reproductive curve, its importance and use.
  • Explains microbial counting methods.
  • Will be able to explain sterilisation.
  • Explains the definitions related to sterilisation.
  • List and explain sterilisation techniques.
  • Counts sterilisation control tests and explains their purposes.
  • Will be able to explain disinfection.
  • Explains disinfection techniques.
  • Lists disinfectants and explains their use.
  • Explain the mechanisms of action of disinfectants.
  • Explains the resistance to disinfectants.
  • Explains disinfectant efficacy detection tests.
  • Compare the differences between disinfection and sterilisation.
  • Explains the importance of hand hygiene.
  • Explain the microbiological control methods in the pharmaceutical production process.
  • Defines the pharmaceutical production process and evaluates microbiological aspects.
  • Explains good manufacturing practice and evaluates microbiological aspects.
  • Explains microbiological properties of pharmaceutical products.
  • Explains the definition of sterile, apyrogen product and bioburden.
  • Defines contamination sources.
  • Defines the types of water used.
  • Defines the properties of packaging materials.
  • Will be able to explain sterile working areas and working conditions.
  • Defines sterile working conditions.
  • Explains asepsis and aseptic zone.
  • Defines standardisation for sterile and non-sterile products.
  • Defines validation and explains validation processes. Evaluates microbiological aspects.
  • Çalışma alanlarındaki mikrobiyolojik yük sınıflandırmasını yapar.
  • Explain the properties and importance of pyrogen and endotoxin presence in sterile products.
  • Explains microbiological control methods in work areas.
  • Will be able to explain the control methods in sterile products.
  • Explains sterile pharmaceutical products and their properties.
  • Explains sterility control tests.
  • Will be able to explain the methods of control of microbial protective activity in drugs.
  • Defines the microbiological properties of parenteral and ocular drugs.
  • Explains microorganisms and microbial limits in other formulations.
  • Explains the standards of microbiological analysis method of drugs, counts reference microorganisms.
  • Lists the protective compounds found in products.
  • Counts and explains the protection control tests.
  • Will be able to explain microflora of foods and microbial spoilage.
  • Defines food hygiene.
  • Defines microbiological aspects of food production standards.
  • Classifies and defines microorganisms that can be found in foods and counts the factors of intoxication.
  • Defines microbial spoilage.
  • Classify and explain the factors affecting microbial growth in foods.
  • Defines food preservation protection methods.
  • Will be able to explain the determination of microorganism levels in foods.
  • Explains the detection methods of microorganisms in foods.
  • Defines hygiene and sanitation in food businesses.
  • List reference disinfectants.
  • Explain Microbiological Control Tests in Cosmetic Products.
  • Explains microbial hazards in cosmetic products.
  • Explains the sources of contamination in cosmetic products.
  • Defines the relevant microbial load in national and international regulations.
  • Explains microbial control tests in cosmetics.
  • Will be able to explain the processes of pharmaceutical products.
  • Defines the production process in industrial scale.
  • Makes the definition of continuous production systems bioreactor, explains the properties and purposes of use.
  • Explains industrial strain development studies.
  • List the microbial products produced industrially.
  • Defines bio-insecticide and explains with examples.
  • Explains bio-remediation.
  • Will be able to explain the processes of obtaining pharmaceutical products with genetic engineering techniques.
  • Defines gene engineering.
  • Explain molecular study techniques in microorganisms.
  • Examples of gene engineering applications, explains the products.
  • Explain the classification and general definitions of antimicrobial drugs.
  • Defines chemotherapeutic substance and explains chemotherapeutic substance sources.
  • Explains the discovery of chemotherapeutic agents.
  • Makes definitions related to antimicrobial activity.
  • List the microorganisms used for antibiotic production.
  • Explains the Mechanisms of Action of Antibiotics, Antifungals and Antivirals.
  • Explain the mechanisms of action of antibiotics on microorganisms (bacteria and fungi) with examples.
  • Explain antifungals and their mechanisms of action.
  • Explains antiviral drugs and their mechanisms of action.
  • Will be able to explain the mechanisms of microbial resistance.
  • Defines antimicrobial resistance and explains the mechanisms.
  • Counts the microorganisms causing superinfection and predisposing factors for infection.
  • Explains the development of single and multi-step resistance.
  • Explains the conscious use and importance of antibiotics.
  • Will be able to explain antibiotic susceptibility tests.
  • Defines antibiogram.
  • Classify and explain standard tests.
  • Classify the factors affecting antibiogram tests (medium, pH, humidity, atmosphere, temperature, inoculum, potency).
  • Counts reference test microorganisms (bacteria, yeast, mould).
  • Explains the theory and interpretation of the application of standard tests.
  • Explain macrobroth, microbroth, agar diffusion tests and methods.
  • Laboratory: Will be able to explain the rules to be considered in microbiological laboratory studies.
  • Lists the rules to be followed in the microbiology laboratory.
  • Explains aseptic techniques to work safely in the microbiology laboratory.
  • List the devices and equipment to be used in microbiological studies.
  • Explains the intended use of devices and equipment to be used in microbiological studies.
  • Laboratory: Explain microscopy.
  • Explains the types of microscopes and their intended use.
  • Explain the principles of use of microscopes.
  • Laboratory: Will be able to explain the equipment used in microorganism cultivation.
  • Sorts the equipment used for sowing.
  • Explains the intended use of this equipment.
  • Laboratory: Explain Glass Materials.
  • Lists the glass materials used in microbiology laboratory.
  • Explains the intended use of glass materials used in microbiology laboratory.
  • Laboratory: Will be able to explain sterilisation techniques.
  • Explains the concepts and application methods related to preparation
  • Lists and classifies microorganism staining methods.
  • Classifies the dyes used for microscopic examination and explains their properties.
  • Laboratory: Will be able to explain disinfection techniques.
  • Explains the concept of antisepsis.
  • Laboratory: Explain Sterilisation Control of Media Prepared in Petri Plates.
  • Laboratory: Explain hand disinfection.
  • Explains the purpose and application of contamination control of dirty, soap-washed, zefiran-applied hands.
  • Laboratory: Explain the preparation of the medium.
  • Defines the concept of pasteurisation, explains the areas of use.
  • Explains how to control autoclave sterilisation through tape
  • Explains how to control the sterilised media by incubation in the oven
  • Lists the stages of medium preparation and explains the application stages.
  • Laboratory: Explain the preparation of solid and liquid media.
  • Explains the devices used to prepare the medium and the stages and purposes of use.
  • Explain the differences between solid and liquid media.
  • List the differences in the stages of solid and liquid media preparation.
  • Explains how the distribution of media will be carried out.
  • Explains how to perform sterilisation of media.
  • Laboratory Explain sterilisation practices.
  • Explain the concepts of sterilisation and disinfection.
  • Explain the difference between chemical and physical sterilisation.
  • List the devices used.
  • List the chemicals used.
  • Laboratory: Explain the application of different sowing techniques.
  • Lists and explains the concepts related to microbial cultivation techniques.
  • Explains and lists the sowing rules and stages.
  • Explains the differences between sowing on different media.
  • Explain the applications of different cultivation techniques.
  • Laboratory: Explain the application of examination techniques in solid and liquid culture.
  • Explain the colony forms of prokaryotic organisms cultured in petri dish.
  • Explain microbial growth in liquid media.
  • Explain the morphology of yeasts in solid and liquid media.
  • Describe different pigmented colonies.
  • Explain the morphology of different organisms on different media
  • Describe the morphology of the same organism in different media.
  • Laboratory: Explain the preparation and examination of bacterial preparation.
  • Explains the concepts and application methods related to preparation
  • List and classify microorganism staining methods.
  • Classifies the dyes used for microscopic examination and explains their properties.
  • Explains the simple dyeing method and application methods
  • Explains Gram staining method and application methods
  • Laboratory: Explain microscopic examination of mould and yeast.
  • Explains how to prepare a mould preparation
  • Explains the staining methods and application methods for microscopic examination of moulds.
  • Explains the staining methods and application methods for microscopic examination of yeasts
  • Explains the capsule staining method.
  • Explains the spore staining method.
  • Laboratory: Will be able to explain DNA Isolation.
  • Explain the steps of DNA isolation.
  • Explain the mechanism of DNA isolation from microorganisms by phenol-chloroform technique.
  • Laboratory: Will be able to explain carbohydrate metabolism.
  • List and explain the media to be used in carbohydrate fermentation test.
  • Describes the microbial development in media containing monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides, microbial metabolism in these media and explains the products formed.
  • Explains how to make microbial classification by interpreting the test.
  • Laboratory: Explain Protein Metabolism.
  • List and explain the media to be used in protein metabolism tests.
  • Explain how different protein sources are metabolised.
  • Explains how to make microbial classification by interpreting the test.
  • Laboratory:Will be able to explain the open Petri method.
  • Defines the pharmaceutical industry and microbiological working conditions.
  • Laboratory:Will be able to explain the swap method.
  • Defines microbiological control of ambient air by open petri method and explains the application method.
  • Explains how to take samples from the counters by swap method and cultivation and examination of the culture by single colony method in blood and nutrient agar
  • Laboratory: Explain the microbiological analysis of lotion.
  • Defines and classifies microbiological risks in cosmetic products.
  • Defines the microorganisms in the cosmetic product sample.
  • Laboratory: Explain Antimicrobial Substances and Their Activities.
  • Explain the substances showing antimicrobial activity.

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