Akademik Dersler - İçerik

The student considers that the Byzantines, from humble monks and laymen to high-ranking officials and emperors, used seals to “lock” their official and private correspondence and prove the authenticity of documents.
The student realizes that the details on the thousands of surviving seals shed light on many aspects of the Byzantine world, especially the structure of its civil, military and ecclesiastical administrations, the careers and positions of its officials, and their reactions to the ever-changing fate of the empire over its thousand-year existence.
The student knows that the inscriptions and images on the seals reflect the beliefs and perspectives of people who have now disappeared into history.
The student understands that seals often provide the essential evidence needed to outline a career, trace the rise and fall of a family, or verify the existence of an individual in a particular place or time.
The student is aware that the religious texts used in the inscriptions on the seals, combined with a remarkable range of iconography, express the personal beliefs of the individuals of this pious society, in which all people, from the ruler to the lowest subject, entrusted their worldly well-being and hopes for salvation to the power of vividly depicted religious figures.
The student comprehends that while inscriptions and images on seals tend to follow standard patterns, unique compositions in the form of short poems or singular examples of images or scenes stand out as attempts to make an individual's seal truly distinctive and memorable.